What is the primary function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?

Hemoglobin's primary function in red blood cells is to carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues throughout the body. This protein has a high affinity for oxygen, allowing it to bind efficiently when oxygen levels are high in the lungs. Once the red blood cells travel to areas where oxygen is needed, hemoglobin releases the oxygen to the tissues, facilitating cellular respiration and energy production.

Although hemoglobin does have some involvement in the transport of carbon dioxide back to the lungs for exhalation, its main role is centered around oxygen transport. Other functions like transporting nutrients are primarily fulfilled by different components of the bloodstream, such as plasma proteins. Similarly, while hemoglobin can influence pH levels through its interaction with carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions, its key responsibility remains focused on oxygen transport, making it essential for sustaining life through adequate oxygen supply to vital organs and tissues.