What term refers to the amount of energy used during normal bodily functions while at rest?

The term that describes the amount of energy used during normal bodily functions while at rest is known as the basal metabolic rate (BMR). This measurement specifically reflects the energy expenditure required to maintain essential physiological processes such as breathing, circulation, cell production, and nutrient processing while the body is at complete rest and in a fasted state. BMR is a key factor in understanding an individual’s overall metabolism and energy needs.

Factors that can influence BMR include age, sex, genetics, body composition, and hormonal levels. It is essential for assessing energy balance and can provide insights into an individual's health and weight management strategies. In contrast, resting metabolic rate (RMR) is similar but can be slightly higher as it includes the energy used at rest without necessarily being in a fasting state. Therefore, while RMR is also relevant, BMR is the more precise term for energy expenditure during complete physiological rest.